Formulas & Facts To Know For Your ATP & FE Written Exams
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Aerodynamics
- ABSOLUTE Ceiling = ZERO rate of Climb
- EQUILIBRIUM = NO accelerations
- RETURN to equilibrium = POSITIVE static stability
- LIFT is perpendicular to RELATIVE WIND
- OUTBOARD ailerons for LOW speed flight
- MORE POWER by MORE OXYGEN & INCREASED AIR DENSITY
- SERVO = OPPOSITE direction & REDUCE CONTROL forces
- ANTISERVO = SAME direction & PREVENT FULL DEFLECTION
- VORTEX GENERATORS PREVENT FLOW SEPARATION
- AILERON BALANCE PANEL ASSIST moving ailerons by DEFLECT a hinged panel
- Outboard ailerons = low-speed flight
- Inboard ailerons = low-speed AND high-speed flight
- Control Tabs = MANUAL REVERSION
- Spoilers REDUCE LIFT
- Vortex generators REDUCE DRAG
- Turbulent air CHANGES RELATIVE WIND
- Engine failures reduce CLIMB performance
- Aft CG's make airplanes UNSTABLE ABOUT THE LATERAL AXIS
- Swept wing disadvantage is the stalling of the WING TIP BEFORE THE WING ROOT
Instrument Procedures
- Know recommended holding pattern entries per the AIM
Weight And Balance
- Moment = Weight * Arm
-
CG = Total Moment
Total Weight -
CG % MAC = CG - LEMAC
MAC -
Wt. On Pallet = Pallet Area
144* Floor Load Limit - Wt. of Pallet - Wt. of Tiedown
Performance
- Distance = Rate * Time
FAR 121
- Interphones and PA systems in A/C with more than 19 passenger seats.
Meteorology
- INCREASED air density = INCREASED pressure
- DECREASED air density = DECREASED Pressure
- EARTHS weather = VARIATION in solar energy
Regulations
- REFUSAL to submit = REVOCATION of FLIGHT ENGINEER CERTIFICATE
- CARGO PERMITTED ANYWHERE in passenger compartment IN APPROVED CARGO BIN
- 1st REQUIRED MEGAPHONE in AFT PASSENGER compartment
- 2nd REQUIRED MEGAPHONE in FOREWARD PASSENGER compartment

